Astronomical Info / 天文資訊 > Special Events / 特別項目 > Total Solar Eclipse of July 22nd, 2009 | 2009 年 7 月 22 日之日全食 [Refresh 更新]
Quick info 快速資訊: Eclipse time at Hong Kong 香港可見日食時間 : 2009/07/22 08:14 - 10:46 HKT
Animated visible imageries, 09:00 HKT to 13:00 HKT 可見光衛星動畫圖，香港時間早上九時至下午一時
 Live webcast (Eclipse finished) 網上直播 (已結束) |
Please click on the links below for live webcast. There may be a few seconds of browser inactivity after you close a window that contains windows media player; unless the situation persists it is generally unnecessary to force a complete closure of your browser. 請按下列連結以觀看網上直播。當關閉含 Windows Media Player 的視窗時，你的瀏覽器可能會停止反應幾秒鐘；除非情況持續，否則不需強行關閉其餘瀏覽器視窗。
| Provider 提供者 | Location & times (if any; in HKT) 地點和日食時間 (如有；香港時間) |
| - University of North Dakota 北達科他州立大學 | Wuhan Bioengineering Institute 武漢生物工程學院 Partial starts 偏食開始 08:15; Total starts 全食開始 09:24; Greatest eclipse 食甚 09:27; Total ends 全食結束 09:29; Partial ends 偏食結束 10:46 |
| - Taiwan Webcast Group Webcast 地圖日記 (嘉義市天文協會策劃) | Multi-location; video available from 08:20 to 11:00; 多地點；直播由 08:20 至 11:00 |
| - Purple Mountain Observatory 紫金山天文台 | Suzhou 蘇州 |
| - Live! Universe | Multi-location 多地點 |
- Science Museums of China 中國科普博覽 [1 (PPLive)] [ 2 ] |
Multi-location 多地點 |
| Watching the lunar shadow through visible imagery 利用可見光衛星雲圖來觀看月影 | |
| Information about the eclipse 是次日食資料 |
Saros 136 is back - this total solar eclipse will be the longest in the 21st century, with totality lasting slightly more than 6.5 minutes at the point of maximum eclipse.
On July 22nd 2009, a central total solar eclipse will be visible within a narrow path along eastern Asia, extending into the Pacific Ocean. The umbral shadow of the moon will strike Earth shortly before 01 UTC near western India, and the shadow will then move across parts of Bangladesh, Bhutan and into China at about 01:10 UTC. It will leave the Asian landmass via Shanghai at 01:40 UTC and make its way into the Pacific Ocean. Northern parts of the Ryukyu Islands will be able to enjoy a total eclipse shortly before 02 UTC and a couple of Islands in the Pacific Ocean, including Marshall Islands, will experience totality one to two hours later. The shadow will finally leave the planet east of the international date line at about 04:20 UTC when the sun there dips below the horizon.
Apart from the path of totality, a much wider range of areas will be able to experience partial eclipse of different degrees. The whole of SE Asia, central Asia as north as Mongolia and southern Russia, Japan, Philippines and northern Indonesia will be under the penumbral shadow. The fact that the whole China and most parts of India are under the moon's shadow signifies that this may well be one of the eclipses viewed by the greatest number of people in the world.
It is worth noting that Saros 136 is one of the most enjoyable (solar) eclipse families in this era; it is famous for producing very long total eclipses which are visible to many people as a result of its proximity to the equator. For instance, the following notable (total) eclipses in the last century are all from the Saros 136 family:
- 20th June 1955 --- longest in the 20th century with a duration of 7 minutes and 8 seconds (Hong Kong experienced a partial eclipse of magnitude 0.793 near 1 p.m. that day [under Hong Kong Summer Time]);
- 30th June 1973 --- visible in almost the whole Africa; duration of totality at greatest point of eclipse reached 7 minutes and 3 seconds;
- 11th July 1991 --- viewed by millions of American and people living in central America; totality duration 6 minutes and 53 seconds.
The famous observation that gave evidence to Einstein's general theory of relativity was also made during a Saros 136 eclipse (29th May 1919) (more info).
沙羅週期 136 的日食將於 2009 年重臨地球。本年 7 月 22 日的日食將為本世紀裡最長的全食，最大食分處之全食時間超過 6.5 分鐘。
當天月球的本影區將於約 01 UTC (世界協調時) 到達印度西面，繼而由西向東移至孟加拉、不丹，並於 01:10 UTC 進入中國。本影區橫越中國中南部後將於 01:40 UTC 經過上海，並進入太平洋。琉球群島北面可於 02 UTC 前見到全食，而全食區將於一兩小時後到達太平洋中部分島嶼，如馬紹爾群島。月球本影區將於約 04:20 UTC 在國際換日線以東離開地球，結束整個全食過程。
全食帶外的大範圍地區將可見到一次不同程度的日偏食，包括整個亞洲東南部、亞洲中部 (北至蒙古和俄羅斯南端)、日本、菲律賓和印尼北部。由於整個中國和印度大部分地區均在月球的影子下，預料本次日食將會為其中一個最多人觀看之天文現象。
值得留意沙羅週期 136 於近代製造了不少嘆為驚人的日食 --- 它們都是以全食時間長而全食帶經過人口稠密的地區而見稱。例子有 :
- 1955 年 6 月 20 日之日全食 --- 為 20 世紀裡最長的全食 (達 7 分 8 秒)；當時香港於夏令時間下午約 1 時曾出現一次食分達 0.793 之日偏食；
- 1973 年 6 月 30 日之日全食 --- 幾乎全非洲可見日食；最長全食時間為 7 分 3 秒；
- 1991 年 7 月 11 日之日全食 --- 北美洲南部，中美洲和南美洲北部可見全食，最長全食時間為 6 分 53 秒。
沙羅週期 136 於 1919 年的日全食亦為愛因斯坦的廣義相對論提供了一個證據 (1919 年 5 月 29 日) (更多資訊)。
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The following shows some general details about the eclipse:
下表列出是次日食的一般性資料 :
| Eclipse series and characteristics 日食序列和特徵 |
|
| Saros series number 沙羅序列號碼 | 136 (occurring at Moon's descending node 降交點日食) |
| Member in the series 序列中次數 | 37 out of 71 | 71 次中的第 37 次 |
| Gamma 伽馬數 | 0.0696 earth radii 地球半徑 |
| Event 事件 |
Time in UTC/HKT (for 2009/07/22 unless stated otherwise) 世界協調時 / 香港時間 (除非特別注明，時間均在 2009 年 7 月 22 日) |
| P1 - Penumbral cone starts to strike Earth (partial eclipse on Earth starts) P1 - 半影區到達地球 (日偏食開始) |
(07/21) 23:58:18 / 07:58:18 |
| U1 - Umbral cone starts to strike Earth (total eclipse on Earth starts) U1 - 本影區到達地球 (日全食開始) |
00:51:16 / 08:51:16 |
U2 - Umbral cone fully strikes Earth |
00:54:31 / 08:54:31 |
| P2 - Penumbral cone fully strikes Earth P2 - 整個半影區到達地球 |
01:47:41 / 09:47:41 |
| P3 - Penumbral cone starts to leave Earth P3 - 半影區開始離開地球 |
03:23:03 / 11:23:03 |
U3 - Umbral cone starts to leave Earth |
04:16:13 / 12:16:13 |
| U4 - Umbral cone fully leaves Earth (total eclipse on Earth ends) U4 - 整個本影區離開地球 (日全食結束) |
04:19:26 / 12:19:26 |
| P4 - Penumbral cone fully leaves Earth (partial eclipse on Earth ends) P4 - 整個半影區離開地球 (日偏食結束) |
05:12:25 / 13:12:25 |
| Information at greatest eclipse 最長全食時資料 (亦即最大食地點，其可見日全食時間為全程最長) |
|
| Location 位置 | 24°12.6' N, 144°06.4' E (in NW Pacific Ocean 在西北太平洋) |
| Time 時間 | 02:35:21 UTC / 10:35:21 HKT |
| Magnitude 食分 | 1.0799 |
| Duration of totality 全食持續時間 | 6' 38.8" |
| Width of totality 全食徑寬度 | 258.4 km 公里 |
| Solar Altitude and Azimuth 該位置的太陽高度和方位角 | Altitude 高度: 85.9° ; Azimuth 方位角: 197.6° (S 南) |
Note that unlike lunar eclipse, not all places experience these times as the moon moves across the sky (and so does its shadow). They serve to show the times at which there exists at least a location on Earth that can experience those events.
不同於月食，由於月球和它的影子在地球上不是靜止不動，不同的地方將於不同的時間見到日食。以上的一般性資料只提供在地球上有起碼一點可看到那些事件的時間。
| Local (HK) circumstances 本地 (香港) 情況 |
Hong Kong will be able to experience a significant partial eclipse in the morning of that day, the magnitude of which will be the biggest since the annular eclipse on 1958 Apr 19. As the level of obscuration is relatively large, even people that are not aware of this event will notice a decrease in brightness of the sky. However notice that the sky will not turn dark, which requires more than 90 to 95 percent of the diameter being obscured.
香港將可於當天早上看到一次食分頗大的日偏食，其食分將會是自 1958 年 4 月 19 日的日環食以來最大的。由於太陽大部分被食去，即使不知道有這次日食的人亦會感覺到天空光度減低；但由於食分未達 0.9，天空不會變得非常暗:
The details are summarized in the following table:
詳細資料整理如下 :
| Event for Hong Kong 在香港看到的事件 |
Time in HKT on 2009/07/22 2009 年 7 月 22 日香港時間 |
Solar Altitude and Azimuth 太陽的高度和方位角 |
| First contact (partial eclipse starts) 初虧 (日偏食開始) |
08:14 | Altitude 高度 : 31° Azimuth 方位角 : 079° (E 東) |
| Greatest eclipse 食甚 |
09:26 | Altitude 高度 : 47° Azimuth 方位角 : 084° (E 東) |
| Fourth contact (partial eclipse ends) 復圓 (日偏食結束) |
10:46 | Altitude 高度 : 65° Azimuth 方位角 : 090° (E 東) |
| Information at greatest magnitude for Hong Kong 香港最大食分時資料 |
||
| Type 類型 | Partial 日偏食 | |
| Time 時間 | 09:26 HKT | |
| Direction of shadow 月球影子方向 | Entering from the Sun's top left hand side, leaving from bottom left hand side 由太陽左上方進入，左下方離開 | |
| Magnitude 食分 | 0.748 | |
| Obscuration 掩蓋面積比 | 0.697 | |
| Circumstances for major cities 各大城市日食概況 |
Totality can be observed in the following major countries/cities (bolded places lie on the central line of eclipse):
以下主要國家/城市可見全食 (經過日食中心線的城市以粗體顯示) :
- INDIA 印度: Surat 蘇拉特, Vadodara 巴羅達, Indore 印多爾, Varanasi 瓦拉納西, Patna 巴特那
- BANGLADESH 孟加拉: Saidpur 賽德普爾
- BHUTAN 不丹: Thimphu 廷布
- CHINA 中國: Chengdu 成都, Chongqing 重慶, Wuhan 武漢, Hefei 合肥, Hangzhou 杭州, Shanghai 上海
- JAPAN 日本: Yakushima 屋久島, Iwo Jima 硫磺島
- MARSHALL ISLANDS 馬紹爾群島
The following table lists the circumstances for major cities where eclipse can be observed:
下表顯示各大可觀是次日食城市的概況 :
Country 國家 |
City 城市 |
Time difference1 時差1 |
Eclipse starts2 日食開始 |
Max eclipse2 食甚時間 |
Eclipse ends2 日食結束 |
GE altitude3 食甚高度 |
GE Azimuth3 食甚方位角 |
Mag. 食分 |
Obs. 掩蓋面積比 |
Total Duration 全食時間 |
Afghanistan 阿富汗 |
Kabul 喀布爾 |
+4:30 |
04:59r |
05:31 |
06:21 |
6 |
069 |
0.599 |
0.512 |
N/A |
Bangladesh 孟加拉 |
Dhaka 達卡 |
+6:00 |
05:59 |
06:58 |
08:04 |
20 |
076 |
0.930 |
0.927 |
N/A |
Burma 緬甸 |
Yangon 仰光 |
+6:30 |
06:32 |
07:30 |
08:36 |
24 |
075 |
0.655 |
0.581 |
N/A |
Cambodia 柬埔寨 |
Phnom Penh 金邊 |
+7:00 |
07:14 |
08:10 |
09:13 |
33 |
073 |
0.420 |
0.311 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Beijing 北京 |
+8:00 |
08:25 |
09:32 |
10:45 |
49 |
106 |
0.730 |
0.674 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Chengdu 成都 |
+8:00 |
08:07 |
09:13 |
10:26 |
36 |
086 |
1.072 |
1.000 |
3m16s |
China 中國 |
Chongqing 重慶 |
+8:00 |
08:08 |
09:15 |
10:31 |
39 |
087 |
1.073 |
1.000 |
4m06s |
China 中國 |
Hong Kong 香港 |
+8:00 |
08:14 |
09:26 |
10:46 |
47 |
084 |
0.748 |
0.697 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Guangzhou 廣州 |
+8:00 |
08:13 |
09:24 |
10:44 |
46 |
084 |
0.776 |
0.733 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Harbin 哈爾濱 |
+8:00 |
08:45 |
09:48 |
10:52 |
56 |
129 |
0.517 |
0.419 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Nanjing 南京 |
+8:00 |
08:20 |
09:34 |
10:55 |
53 |
099 |
0.995 |
0.998 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Shanghai 上海 |
+8:00 |
08:23 |
09:39 |
11:02 |
57 |
101 |
1.077 |
1.000 |
5m00s |
China 中國 |
Shenyang 瀋陽 |
+8:00 |
08:35 |
09:43 |
10:54 |
55 |
118 |
0.657 |
0.584 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Shuicheng 水城 |
+8:00 |
08:06 |
09:12 |
10:27 |
36 |
084 |
0.926 |
0.922 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Tianjin 天津 |
+8:00 |
08:25 |
09:33 |
10:47 |
50 |
106 |
0.756 |
0.707 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Wuhan 武漢 |
+8:00 |
08:15 |
09:27 |
10:46 |
48 |
093 |
1.075 |
1.000 |
5m25s |
China 中國 |
Xi'an 西安 |
+8:00 |
08:13 |
09:20 |
10:35 |
42 |
093 |
0.909 |
0.900 |
N/A |
China 中國 |
Zibo 淄博 |
+8:00 |
08:23 |
09:34 |
10:50 |
51 |
104 |
0.835 |
0.807 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Ahmadabad 阿默達巴德 |
+5:30 |
06:08r |
06:24 |
07:20 |
3 |
069 |
0.973 |
0.977 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Bangalore 班加羅爾 |
+5:30 |
06:05r |
06:21 |
07:17 |
3 |
070 |
0.720 |
0.660 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Bombay 孟買 |
+5:30 |
06:14r |
06:22 |
07:19 |
2 |
069 |
0.961 |
0.963 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Calcutta 加爾各答 |
+5:30 |
05:29 |
06:26 |
07:31 |
17 |
075 |
0.911 |
0.902 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Delhi 德里 |
+5:30 |
05:39r |
06:24 |
07:25 |
9 |
072 |
0.852 |
0.827 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Hyderabad 海德拉巴 |
+5:30 |
05:54r |
06:22 |
07:20 |
6 |
071 |
0.849 |
0.823 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Madras 清奈 |
+5:30 |
05:54r |
06:21 |
07:18 |
6 |
070 |
0.693 |
0.626 |
N/A |
India 印度 |
Pune 浦那 |
+5:30 |
06:11r |
06:22 |
07:19 |
2 |
069 |
0.936 |
0.933 |
N/A |
Iran 伊朗 |
Tehran 德黑蘭 |
+4:304 |
06:07r |
06:07r |
06:16 |
0 |
065 |
0.119 |
0.049 |
N/A |
Japan 日本 |
Tokyo 東京 |
+9:00 |
09:56 |
11:13 |
12:30 |
73 |
152 |
0.747 |
0.696 |
N/A |
South Korea 南韓 |
Seoul 首爾 (漢城) |
+9:00 |
09:35 |
10:48 |
12:06 |
61 |
118 |
0.785 |
0.745 |
N/A |
Mongolia 蒙古 |
Ulaanbaatar 烏蘭巴托 |
+8:00 |
08:33 |
09:26 |
10:23 |
39 |
104 |
0.458 |
0.352 |
N/A |
Philippines 菲律賓 |
Manila 馬尼拉 |
+8:00 |
08:33 |
09:44 |
11:02 |
57 |
075 |
0.493 |
0.392 |
N/A |
Singapore 新加坡 |
Singapore 新加坡 |
+8:00 |
08:41 |
09:11 |
09:44 |
29 |
068 |
0.096 |
0.036 |
N/A |
Sri Lanka 斯里蘭卡 |
Colombo 可倫坡 |
+5:30 |
06:05r |
06:20 |
07:12 |
3 |
070 |
0.503 |
0.401 |
N/A |
Taiwan 台灣6 |
Taipei 台北 |
+8:00 |
08:23 |
09:41 |
11:05 |
57 |
091 |
0.848 |
0.824 |
N/A |
Thailand 泰國 |
Bangkok 曼谷 |
+7:00 |
07:07 |
08:04 |
09:09 |
28 |
074 |
0.521 |
0.422 |
N/A |
United States 美國 |
Honolulu 檀香山 |
-10:00 |
17:215 |
17:485 |
18:145 |
18 |
285 |
0.116 |
0.047 |
N/A |
Vietnam 越南 |
Ho Chi Minh 胡志明市 |
+7:00 |
07:17 |
08:13 |
09:16 |
35 |
073 |
0.384 |
0.274 |
N/A |
1: Time difference with UTC 跟世界協調時的時差
2: Local time 當地時間
3: In degrees 單位為度
4: Daylight saving included 已包括日光節約時間
5: On July 21st local date 當地日期 7 月 21 日
6: Disputed 具爭議性
"r" indicates the time of sunrise. "r" 表示日出時間
| Future solar eclipses 未來日食 |
Solar eclipses in the next five years (click on the date to see the eclipse path):
未來五年的日食資料 (請按下日期以觀看日食路徑) :
| Date (UTC) 日期 (世界協調時) |
Eclipse type 日食類型 |
Eclipse type at HK 香港可見日食類型 |
Magnitude at HK and time 香港可見食分及(香港)時間 |
| 2010/01/15 | Annular 日環食 | Partial 日偏食 | 0.674 ; 16:54:13 HKT |
| 2010/07/11 | Total 日全食 | --- | --- |
| 2011/01/04 | Partial 日偏食 | --- | --- |
| 2011/06/01 | Partial 日偏食 | --- | --- |
| 2011/07/01 | Partial 日偏食 | --- | --- |
| 2011/11/25 | Partial 日偏食 | --- | --- |
| 2012/05/20 | Annular 日環食 | Annular 日環食 | 0.932 ; 05/21 06:08:28 HKT |
| 2012/11/13 | Total 日全食 | --- | --- |
| 2013/05/10 | Annular 日環食 | --- | --- |
| 2013/11/03 | Hybrid 日全環食 | --- | --- |
| 2014/04/29 | Annular 日環食 | --- | --- |
| 2014/10/23 | Partial 日偏食 | --- | --- |
Hong Kong will experience another large-scale partial eclipse in early 2010 and a rare annular event in 2012.
香港將可於 2010 年初再次見到大型偏食，更可以於 2012 年一睹罕見的日環食。
| Solar eclipse knowledge, figures and Q&A 日食知識、數字和問答 |
The following links open in new windows. 以下連結於新頁開啟。
- Solar eclipse basic knowledge 日食基礎知識
- Eclipse Dates and Numbers - Solar Eclipse 日食日期和數字
- Eclipse Glossary 日月食術語
- Eclipse Q&A (total 3 pages) 日月食問與答 (共三頁) [English] [中文]
| Solar eclipse calculator 日食計算機 |
Our site now features a solar eclipse calculator that allows user to compute eclipse visibility information for any place on Earth. Please click on the link below to use this utility. 本站現已設立一日食計算機，各位可利用它來計算出地球上某地可觀看的日食資料。請按以下連結以使用該計算機。
Eclipse times and information are based on Eclipse Predictions by Fred Espenak, NASA's GSFC. NASA's solar eclipse page: here.
Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Wed Apr 17 2024 03:11:02 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Mon Jul 24 2023
