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TC Watch / 熱帶氣旋 > Selected TC Review / 重要熱帶氣旋回顧 > 201624W (SARIKA 莎莉嘉) [Refresh 更新]

201624W (SARIKA 莎莉嘉) - Profile 檔案

(Issued on January 29, 2017)
(於 2017 年 1 月 29 日發出)

Brief profile of SARIKA | 莎莉嘉小檔案:

TC signals for Hong Kong & Track 香港曾經生效的熱帶氣旋警告和路徑圖:

Table 表:

Signal 信號	Date and time 日期和時間	Distance from HK 與香港的距離	Predicted movement 預測移動方向和速度	Max. 10-min winds 中心最高十分鐘平均風速
	2016/10/16 (SUN) 21:20 HKT	ESE 680 km	W/WNW at 25 km/h	140 km/h (75 knots, T)
	2016/10/17 (MON) 13:40 HKT	S 540 km	WNW at 20 km/h	145 km/h (80 knots, T)
	2016/10/18 (TUE) 22:10 HKT*	WSW 580 km	NW at 12 km/h	110 km/h (60 knots, STS)

*The Strong Monsoon Signal was issued one minute after the cancellation of the #3 Strong Wind Signal.
*強烈季候風信號於三號強風信號取消後一分鐘發出。

Figure 圖:

Percentile Ranks 百分等級:

IR imagery animation 紅外線雲圖動畫:

TC track from HKWW 本站的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

TC track from HKO 天文台的熱帶氣旋路徑圖:

Past HKWW Bulletins 本站發佈

Please click here for bulletins on this tropical cyclone. 請按這裡。

Storm Development Overview 風暴發展概覽

Unless otherwise stated, all times below are in Hong Kong Standard Time (UTC+8)
除非特別註明，下文時間均為香港標準時間 (協調世界時加 8 小時)

SARIKA developed as tropical depression 24W east of the Philippines on October 12. Due to a broad subtropical ridge north of the system, 24W was moving west to west-northwest and such motion was expected to persist, bringing it into the South China Sea that weekend. 24W's convections expanded on October 13 although they were concentrated in the northwestern periphery. The JMA upgraded it into tropical storm SARIKA that night, and the HKO followed suit overnight.

Fueled by the very warm waters in the Philippine Sea, SARIKA gradually picked up strength in the next two days, becoming a typhoon during the night of October 14-15. Just prior to landfall the next night, SARIKA developed a central dense overcast within which an eye is embedded. The JTWC estimated its strength as 115 knots (215 km/h), equivalent to that of a category 4 typhoon, while the HKO's estimate was 175 km/h or that of a severe typhoon; this was revised to super typhoon intensity in its tropical cyclone report.

SARIKA crossed Luzon quickly overnight and emerged into the South China Sea in the morning of October 16, still at typhoon intensity. Its compact eye before landfall was replaced by a banding eye that started to re-develop after the storm had entered the Sea. The subtropical ridge was firmly established in northern South China Sea and SARIKA moved west at a much quicker pace. The storm strengthened again into a category 2 system (or severe typhoon in HKO's scale) on October 17, with its track gradually turning west-northwest to northwest as the western edge of the ridge weakened.

SARIKA made landfall in southeastern Hainan Island on October 18. It weakened quickly on land into a minimal typhoon, and further into a severe tropical storm as the storm entered the Gulf of Tonkin on October 19, now moving northwest. SARIKA's deep convections started to dissipate even before the storm reached land, and it weakened into an area of low pressure in Guangxi early on October 20.

熱帶低氣壓 24W 於 10 月 12 日在菲律賓以東形成。受其北面一道廣闊副熱帶高壓脊影響，24W 向西至西北偏西移動；當時預料此移動趨勢將維持，風暴將於該周末進入南海。24W 的對流於 13 日擴大，但集中於其西北象限。日本氣象廳於當晚升格 24W 為熱帶風暴莎莉嘉，香港天文台亦於當晚凌晨跟隨。

受惠於菲律賓以東海域的溫暖洋面，莎莉嘉於之後兩天逐步增強，於 14-15 日晚間達到颱風強度。翌晚登陸前，莎莉嘉發展出一中心密集雲區，其中有一風眼。聯合颱風警報中心估計莎莉嘉強度達 115 節 (每小時 215 公里) 即四級颱風強度，而香港天文台的估計則為每小時 175 公里 (強颱風)，但於事後熱帶氣旋報告中上調為超級颱風。

莎莉嘉於凌晨快速橫過呂宋，於 16 日早上以颱風強度進入南海。其登陸前的緊密風眼被一雲捲風眼取代，風暴於進入南海後開始重新發展。由於副高盤據南海北部，莎莉嘉以較快速度向西移動。17 日，莎莉嘉再次增強為二級颱風 (天文台將其升格為強颱風)，移向因副高西沿減弱而漸轉西北偏西至西北。

莎莉嘉於 18 日在海南東南部登陸，其後於陸上快速減弱為颱風。它於 19 日進入北部灣前後進一步減弱為強烈熱帶風暴，並向西北移動。其深層對流於最後登陸前已開始消散，最終風暴於 20 日初段在廣西減弱為低壓區。

Weather in Hong Kong During Approach 風暴影響時香港天氣狀況

Link to relevant HKO weather report bulletins: 16/10 17/10 18/10
香港天文台相關天氣報告連結：16/10 17/10 18/10

In Hong Kong, the #1 Standby Signal was issued at 9:20 pm October 16 when SARIKA was about 680 km east-southeast of the territory. Although the storm was not expected to get much closer, the HK Observatory warned that the combined effect of SARIKA and the northeast monsoon would lead to stronger winds in offshore areas and on high ground.

Local winds were generally rising on October 17, coming in from the northeast. Several stations registered strong winds, including Cheung Chau Beach, Green Island, Ngong Ping, Tate's Cairn and Waglan Island. As SARIKA moved to the south, the HK Observatory issued the #3 Strong Wind Signal at 1:40 pm October 17. SARIKA's outer rainbands reached Hong Kong at around the same time and produced squally showers. Due to the #3 Signal, classes in kindergartens and some special schools were cancelled; the handling of empty cargoes was also suspended in the evening.

Winds turned east in the latter part of October 17 and reached the maximum at many stations on October 18. SARIKA was closest to Hong Kong that morning, passing at a distance of around 520 km. Sustained gale force winds were observed at Cheung Chau, Green Island, Ngong Ping, Tai Mei Tuk, Tate's Cairn and Waglan Island, while strong winds were more widespread and observed even at urban stations such as Kai Tak and Star Ferry.

SARIKA weakened after making landfall at Hainan on October 18. The HK Observatory replaced the #3 Strong Wind Signal by the Strong Monsoon Signal at 10:10 pm to reflect the increasing dominance of the northeast monsoon on local winds. Due to the convergence of the southerly airstream from SARIKA with the northeast monsoon, the weather in Hong Kong remained unstable. The Amber Rainstorm Warning was issued at 3:25 pm on October 18; it lasted until 6:15 pm. The Special Announcement on Flooding in the northern New Territories was also issued. Rain continued on October 19, triggering the landslip warning at 9:20 am. The rain intensified that afternoon; the Black Rainstorm Warning was in force between 4:00 and 5:15 pm, marking its first issuance in the month of October. More than 100 mm of rainfall was recorded in Southern District between 2:45 and 3:45 pm; some other districts also received more than 70 mm of rain during that hour. The HK Observatory recorded an hourly rainfall of 78.7 mm between 3 and 4 pm, a record high in October. The torrential rain eased during the night and all rainstorm warning signals were cancelled at 7:30 pm. The weather in Hong Kong improved on October 20 as the southerly airstream diminished and the subsidence associated with another arriving tropical cyclone (HAIMA) started to affect southern China.

During the passage of SARIKA, there were numerous reports of fallen trees, scaffoldings and other objects. There was also widespread flooding on October 19, with southern and eastern Hong Kong Island being the hardest hit. A trade vessel was overturned off the coast of Wang Chau in eastern Hong Kong; 12 of the 13 crew members were rescued but one remained missing.

在香港，天文台於 10 月 16 日下午 9 時 20 分發出一號戒備信號，當時莎莉嘉集結於香港東南偏東約 680 公里。雖然預測風暴不會非常接近香港，但天文台仍警告受莎莉嘉及東北季候風的共同影響，離岸及高地風勢將會較大。

本港風勢於 17 日普遍呈上升之勢，主要吹東北風。部分氣象站如長洲泳灘、青洲、昂坪、大老山及橫瀾島吹強風。隨著莎莉嘉移至香港以南，天文台於 17 日下午 1 時 40 分改發三號強風信號。莎莉嘉的外圍雨帶此時到達香港，本港普遍有狂風驟雨。由於三號信號已經發出，幼稚園及特殊學校無需上課，吉櫃交收亦於傍晚暫停。

17 日後段，本港風向轉為偏東，大部分地區風勢於 18 日最為猛烈。莎莉嘉當天早上最接近香港，於本港約 520 公里外掠過。長洲、青洲、昂坪、大美督、大老山及橫瀾島曾吹持續烈風，而強風影響區域則更為廣泛，當中包括市區氣象站如啟德及天星碼頭。

莎莉嘉於 18 日登陸海南後減弱。由於季候風開始成為風力主導，天文台於下午 10 時 10 分取消三號強風信號，繼而發出強烈季候風信號。與莎莉嘉相關的偏南氣流和東北季候風匯聚，香港天氣並不穩定。黃色暴雨警告於 18 日下午 3 時 25 分發出，至下午 6 時 15 分取消，而新界北部水浸特別報告亦曾發出。雨勢於 19 日維持，天文台於上午 9 時 20 分發出山泥傾瀉警告。當天下午雨勢加劇，黑色暴雨警告於 4 時至 5 時 15 分之間生效，這是天文台首次於 10 月發出此警告。在下午 2 時 45 分至 3 時 45 分的一小時間，港島南區錄得超過 100 毫米雨量，其餘部分地區亦錄得超過 70 毫米。天文台於下午 3 至 4 時的雨量達 78.7 毫米，打破 10 月時雨量紀錄。大雨於晚間消減，所有暴雨警告於下午 7 時 30 分取消。隨著該偏南氣流減弱及與另一股熱帶氣旋 (海馬) 相關的下沉氣流開始影響華南，本港天氣於 20 日改善。

莎莉嘉通過期間，本港有多宗塌樹及招牌和其他物件墜落報告。19 日本港多處水浸，其中以香港島南部及東部最為嚴重。一艘內河船於香港東部的橫洲島對開海域被吹翻，13 名船員中有 12 名獲救，但有一人失蹤。

Image Gallery 圖片庫

Figure 1 - Satellite images of SARIKA at formation (right cyclone on left plot) and as it crossed South China Sea (left cyclone on right plot)
圖 1 - 莎莉嘉形成初期 (左圖右邊之氣旋) 及橫過南海時 (右圖左邊之氣旋) 的衛星雲圖

Figure 2 - Steering flow chart at 8 am October 15
圖 2 - 10 月 15 日上午 8 時之駛流場圖

Figure 3 - Forecast tracks from various official agencies in the morning of October 15
圖 3 - 10 月 15 日早上各官方氣象台之預測路徑

Figure 4 - Colour-enhanced satellite image of SARIKA near landfall at Luzon
圖 4 - 莎莉嘉於呂宋登陸前之色調強化衛星雲圖

Figures 5 - Radar image showing an arriving rainband in the early afternoon of October 17
圖 5 - 雷達圖顯示 10 月 17 日下午初段一道雨帶正在靠近本港

Figure 6 - Wind field analysis at 10:02 pm October 17
圖 6 - 10 月 17 日下午 10 時 02 分之風場分析圖

Figure 7 - Calculated wind field distribution chart at 8 am October 18
圖 7 - 10 月 18 日上午 8 時之估算風場分布圖

Figure 8 - Local wind disitribution maps at 4-hour intervals from midnight to 8 pm October 18
圖 8 - 10 月 18 日午夜至下午 8 時每四小時之本港風勢分布圖

Figure 9 - Wind speed time series at Cheung Chau, Kai Tak, Star Ferry and Waglan Island (top to bottom) on October 18
圖 9 - 長洲、啟德、天星碼頭及橫瀾島 (上至下) 於 10 月 18 日的風速時間序列圖

Figure 10 - Local total rainfall distribution map for October 19
圖 10 - 10 月 19 日本港總雨量分布圖

Winds Recorded at Reference Stations 參考站所錄得的風速

Charts and Figures 各項數據

Table 1: Track data from HKWW:
表一 : 香港天氣觀測站之路徑資料

Table 2: Maximum gust and hourly average wind speed recorded in Hong Kong from HKO:
表二 : 香港天文台公佈的各站最高每小時平均風力和陣風數據 (英文)

Table 3: Rainfall (in millimetres) contributed by SARIKA from HKO (figures in brackets are based on incomplete hourly data):
表三 : 香港天文台公佈的各站雨量資料 (英文) (方括號內之數據由不完整之每小時資料擷取)

Last Accessed 最近訪問日期: Thu May 16 2024 23:26:48 HKT
Last Modified 最近修訂日期: Mon Jul 24 2023